Machine tool



MACHINE TOOL ATTORNEY March 28, 1.939. w. l. sl-:NGER

n MACHINE TOOL 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 13, 1937 l INVENTOR ATTORNEY March 28, 1939. w. |4 'SENGER 2,151,873

MACHINE TOOL Filed Jan. 13, 1937 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 March 28, 1939; W |4 SENGER 2,151,873

MACHINE TOOL i /Zo BY 17%4 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 w. sENGER MACHINE 'I'OOL March 28,1939.

Filed Jan. 13, 195.7

8 Sheets-Sheet 6 l n i IIIHIM! III .FNS

, Wm im m n w r. w l .ow @n @l lol l W i mwN Q\N Qmf QQQQ,

Marclgzs, 1939. f A WLSENGER 2,151,873

` MACHINE TpoL Filed Jan. l5, 1937 8 Sheets-Shes?I 7 vih: l

lNvNToR March 28, v1939. i w. l. SENGER 2,151,873

MACHINE TOOL Filed Jan. 13, 1937 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 M v. ATTORNEY INVENTOR NNN. v

Patented Mar. 28, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE MACHINE TGOL Application January 13, 1937, Serial No, 120,343

21 Claims.

This application relates to machine tools, and more particularly to transmission and control mechanism therefore, and more especially for lathes.

A purpose of the invention is to provide an improved transmission and control mechanism for the relative movement of machine tool supports, and in improved relationship to other transmission and control mechanism, particularly for the movement of lathe tools. v

Afurther purpose is to provide an improve unitary arrangement of transmission and control mechanism for actuating a support,l and particularly where the support is a tool support of a lathe. y

A further purpose is to provide a unitary mechanism of an improved form suitable to be removably supported adjacent the headstock end of a lathe or similar machine tool to drive one or a'plurality of supports such for instance as a plurality of tool supports arranged for individual movement on the bed of a lathe, and particularly Where the supports require movement at different rates, together with selector mechanism individual to the supports and adjacent thereto.

A further purpose is to provide an improved transmission in which power is received from a common source for the operation of diierent supports at the same or different rates, tog-ether with rate control mechanism at least in part individual to the different supports.

Another object is to provide an improved form of rate changer, together with control mechanism therefor, more especially for a feed rate control.

Another object is to provide an improved power operable rate changer, and especially in a form for hydraulic operation, to eiTect various of the adjustments for the rate changing operation.

A further purpose is to provide improved rate changers respectively for actuation of different machine tool supports, and control mechanism the structure illustrated and described as is equivalent to the structure of the claims.

The same reference characters have been used to indicate the same parts throughout, and in the drawings: ,5

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a lathe incorporating the invention.

Figure 2 is a left end elevation of the same lathe shown in larger scale.

Figure 3 is a leftend elevation of a portion of 10 a unit shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a cover and certain of the mechanism carried thereby having been removed, and the view being still further enlarged.

Figure 4 is a sectional development of certain l5 of the mechanism of the unit shown in Fig. 3, taken approximately along the line 4-4 of Fig. 5.

Figure 5 is a vertical section through the unit shown in Fig. 3, taken approximately along the line 5 5 of Fig. 1 and also of Fig. 4. 20

Figure 6 is a right hand elevation of the same unit.

Figure 'l' is a vertical s-ectionfof the same unit taken approximately along the line l1 -'I of Figs.

l and 4. 25 Figure 8 is a partial sectional development of a portion of the same unit, taken approximately along the line 8-8 of Fig. 6.

Figure 9 is a partial section of the same unit taken approximately along the line 9 9 of Fig. 6. .30

Figure 10 is a partial sectional development of a portion of the same unit taken approximately along the line Ill-l0 of Fig. 2.

Figure 11 is a partial section of the same unit taken approximately along line II-II of Fig. 5, 35 and is substantially the same as a section taken along line Ha, lla, Fig.` 5.

Figure 12 is a right hand view partly in section of certain control mechanism carried by the carriage as shown in Fig. 1, and enlarged.

`Figure 13 is a sectional development of certain of the carriage transmission and control mechanism, taken along line 13-13 of Fig. 12.

Figure 14 is a view of a portion of the control mechanism shown in Figs. l2, 13.

Figure 15 is a diagrammatic View showing certain of the control mechanism of the machine of Fig. 1 and certain interconnections thereof.

The lathe shown in Fig. 1 includes a bedV Il) and a headstock portion generally denoted by the 50 numeral I l, in which is rotatably mounted a Work spindle l2 provided with suitable transmission and control mechanism for eiecting various spindle speeds in either direction. The transmission and control mechanism for spindle I2 is prefer- .55

ably the same as that shown in a (zo-pending application, Serial No. 83,306, led June 3, 1936, in which the transmission generally indicated as I2a, Fig. 2, includes rate change elements which may be shifted into a variety of position combinations, the particular combination for a desired speed being selected by the means of a controller here generally indicated by the numeral I3, the spindle transmission also including clutch and brake means controlledl either by the controller I 3 or by a hand lever here indicated by the numeral I4. As explained in said co`pending application the work spindle has fixed thereon a feed driving gear I5. The spindle transmission and control mechanism having been fully described in said co-pending application will not be here described.

The lathe also includes a tool carriage generally denoted by the numeral I6, Fig. 1. It includes a main portion i1 guided on suitable ways on the bed IE! for horizontal reciproca-tory movement parallel with the axis of spindle I2, a cross slide I8 guided on the portion I1 for horizontal reciprocatory movement transverse to the movement of the member I1, and a tool holder I 9 mounted on the cross slide I8 and adapted to rigidly support suitable tools for operation on work carried by the spindle I2.

The bed I3 as here shown is extended to the right in Fig. l to guide a second carriage generally indicated by the numeral 2D, Fig. 1. Carriage 2B as here shown is substantially identical in construction with the carriage Il?. It may be noted however that in either carriage I6 or 2B the tool holder I9 may be of any well known form usual in lathes, and may be mounted directly on the'carriage instead of on a cross slide.

Where two carriages such as I6, 20 are used, each of the carriages will be provided with transmission and control mechanism for reciprocatory movement at least in the direction parallel with the spindle axis. Where a cross slide such as I8 is provided the carriage will also carry transmission and control mechanism individual to the transverse reciprocationV of the cross slide. Such transmission and control mechanism is here shown, in part only, being more completely shown and described in said co-pending application, Serial No. 83,306.

Suitably spaced adjacent the front of the bed I0, there is a non-rotatable screw 2l which, at the headstock end, is rigidly fixed against both rotation and axial movement, as by a pin 21a, Fig. 8.

A plurality of transmission shafts 22 and 23 are suitably spaced at the front of bed I0, and respectively transmit feed rate motion to the carriages I1 and 23. Also extending along the front of the bed I0 is a quick traverse rate shaft 24 which serves to transmit quick traverse motion to either carriage I1 or 20.

The spaced shafts 22, 23, 24 are preferably hexagon in form as shown in Fig. 6, whereby they may transmit power to suitably apertured sleeves in the carriages I1, 20 without the use of exposed splines which, in the usual form, are an element rof danger to an operator whose clothing may be caught by the sharp edges of the spline grooves.

Feed rate motion is transmitted to each of the shafts 22, 23 from spindle l2 through the gear l5, Figs. 1, 2, and through idler gears 25, 25 suitably rotatably supported, the idler gear 26 being meshed with a gear 21, Figs. 2, 10 xed on a short shaft 28 carried in suitable bearings on the cover plate 29 which is removably fixed on the housing of a removable unit generally denoted by the numeral 3U, Figs. 1, 2, 6. This housing includes a main portion or frame 30a, Figs. 4, 5 etc. rigidly xed with bed I by the means of screws such as 331), Fig. 2, and a removable left end portion 39o, Figs. 4, 9, rigidly fixed with the main housing portion 30a by the means of screws such as 33d, Fig. 4.

The shaft 28, Fig. l0 drives a shaft 32 through a rate changer which may be of any suitable form, in this instance consisting of the different diameter gears 33, 34 respectively removably xed on the different shafts, and interchangeable between the shafts to alter the speed of shaft 32 relative to the shaft 28. The reversible gear set 33, 34 is also replaceably interchangeable with other sets of still differently diametered gears. Access may be had for removable replacement or interchange of the gear sets such as 33, 35 by removing a cover plate 36.

Shaft 32 drives a shaft 31, Figs. 4, 10 through a rate changer which includes the different diametered gears 38, 39, Fig. 9, each fixed on the shaft 32 and complementary gears 40, 4I respectively meshed with the gears 38, 39 and rotatably carried by the projecting end of shaft 31, each of the gears dll, il having internal splined portions such as 46a, 41a alternatively engageable by a slidable key member '52 which extends through a suitable transverse slot Q2u in the shaft 31 and is axially shiftable to effect the alternative gear engagement by a rod 43 extended through a sultable axial bore in shaft 31, the shifting mechanism including a hand lever 44, Figs. 1, 4, pivoted von a bracket l5 and having xed therewith an arm i6 having a portion 46a engaging an annular groove 51 on a shifter spool 48 fixed on rod 43.

Shaft 31 actuates each of the shafts 22, 23, but through different trains each including a rate changer individual to the driven shaft. Each of the trains originates in a cone of different diametered gears 59, 50, 5|, 52, Fig. 4, suitably keyed to rotate with shaft 31.

'Ihe train for driving shaft 23 from shaft 31 includes a cone of gears 49a, 50a, 51a, 52o. respectively meshing with the gears 49, 50, 5I, 52 and each supported on a shaft 53 for rotation independently thereof except as suitable internal splines of the one or the other gear are engaged by a key portion 54 of a sliding key member 55 normally urged toward engagement by a flat spring 55. Intermediate between each of the gears 49a, 50a, 5Ia, 52d there are abutment members such as 51, 58, 59 adapted to cooperate with the angular sides 54a, 54h of the key portion 54 in the one or the other direction of travel of the key member 55, whereby to disengage the key portion during the time it is traveling from the one to the other key, thereby to prevent simultaneous keyed engagement of a plurality of vgears with the shaft 53. The key member 55 is selectively shifted to take up various positions keying the one or the other of the gears with the shaft 53 by the means of an annular shifter spool BD engaging the key member, spool 6) being shifted and controlled as later described. The mechanism just described constitutes a rate change i device adjustable to provide four different speeds of the shaft 53 relative to the shaft 31.

Shaft 53 drives a shaft 6I through a rate change device which includes gear pairs 62, 63, and 64, 55, the gears 62, 54 being fixed Vfor rotation on shaft 53, and the Igears 63, 55 being rotatably supported on shaft 6 I and provided with the clutch faced hub portions 83a, 65a alternatively engagelivers its'ii'uid. The cams 99, |00 are formed'to Yable inthe kopposite direction of lmovement of a clutch spool 66 suitably keyed on shaft Bi and shiftable by mechanism later described.

f The shaft 6| vdrives shaft 23 through a train the shaft 23 andcoupled therewith by a suitable vthe cone of gears 49, 5B, 5h52, Fig. 4, and mechagears engage key portion 14.

coupling member 13.

The shaft 22 is driven from shaft 31' through nism substantially identical with that just describedfor the driving of shaft 23.` It includes a rate change device comprising gears 49h, 53h, SIb, 52h respectively complementary to the dif- "ferent gears 49, 5|), 5|, 5 2 and engageable one at a time by a shiftable key portion 14 of a key member 15 shifted by a shifter spool 13, the device driving a shaft 11 at four diffe-rent speeds relative to the shaft 31 accordingly as the one or the other Shaft 11 drives a shaft 18, Fig. 4, through a rate change device invcluding the gear pairs 19, 80 and 8|, 82 alternatively connected to drive shaft 18 at one or `the other of two speeds by the means of a clutch spool 83 shifted for engagement with the clutch portions Sila or '82a respectively associated with the different gears 89, 82, the clutch spool being shifted by means later described. Shaft 13 drives shaft 22 through a pair of meshed bevel gears 84, 85, Figs. 4, 1, a shaft 86, Figs. '1, 8, worm B1, worm Wheel 83 and a shaft 39 co-axial with shaft 22 483, previously referred to.

on a shaft 94 which isco-axial with the shaft 24 and coupled therewith by a suitable coupling member 95.

The rate change devices respectively controlled by theshifter spool Bil, Fig. 4, and by the shiftable clutch-6B" are each controlled from a rotatable control rod or shaft 96, Figs, 1, 4 which is common to the two devices. SimilarlyV the rate change devices respectively controlled by the shifter spool 16 and the shiftable clutch 83 are each controlled from a rotatable control shaft 91, Figs. l, 4. The rate Icontrol mechanism operable from control shafts 96, 91 being Vsubstantially identical will only be described in detail for the control shaft 91, as follows:

Shaft S1 is co-axial with a shaftl 91a, Fig. 4, and coupled therewith by a suitable coupling 91h. Shaft 91a., at its left hand end, is provided with bearings in a bracket 38 xed on housing member 30a, Figs. 4 and 5. Fixed on the shaft lila are a plurality of cams 99, Hill, Figs. 4, l5, respectively positioned to engage the projecting ends of poppet valves |0|, |32, which respectively control, through ports lilla, |G2a, the outlet of fluid from a shifter cylinder device generally indicated by the numeral |03, having a piston |04 upon the rod |04a of which is fixed a shifter fork member |65 engaging the annular groove of the clutch spool The cylinder IUS of the piston |64 is provided with a plurality of inlet ports |01, |08 each receiving fluid from a supply pipe |89 through a port H3 and through a blocking valve or plunger which may move in op- ;posite directions respectively to close the channels H2; ||3 in 'the event that pressure is relieved at the end of the piston |04 to'which the channel deing piston end. Pressure is still maintained, however, at the other end of the piston, the resultl 10 being that the piston will move in the direction of the open poppet valve to shift the clutch spool 33 in accordance with the angular position of rotation of shaft 91.

Also Xed on the shaft 91a, Fig. 4, are the cams" 15 H4, H5, H6, I|1 respectively positioned to contact the exposed endsof poppet valves H8, ||9, |25, |21, respectively positioned in channels separately connected, as by piping, to the outlet-4 ports |22, |23, |24, |25 of a shifter piston device 20 generally denoted by the numeral |2, Figs. 11 and 15. Piston ldevice |26 includes a piston |21 and inlet ports |28, |29 respectively communieating with the opposite ends of the cylinderl |38.. and each connected with a pressure supply source 25 through a 'pipe |3I, and a blocking valve "|33, which may shift in either direction to close the passages |34 or |35 respectively leading to the different inlet ports. The cams H4, H5, H6, H1, are so formed and positioned on shaft 91a that the "30 poppet `valves respectively associated with the different cams will be opened to relieve the uid pressure through the outlet ports of the piston device |26, one at a time, as the shaft 91a is(. rotated. Upon opening of one of the poppet"'35 valves, the fluid'pressure will move piston |21 to cover the port associated with the open poppet valve as follows:

Assuming that the poppet valve il?) associated with the outlet port |23 is open, fluid from sup-"L10 ply port |32 will then flow through the port |23 and the open poppet valve. The initial flow of the fluid toward the open port |23 will immediately cause the b-locking valve |33 to shift inthe l direction of the open port, thereby closing the"`215 supply of. fluid to that port, andrelieving the fluid pressure on the face of piston |21 which communicates with the open port. Pressure continues to be supplied to the other end of piston; |21, .which will then move in the direction of the`VAI open port and this movement must continue until the enlarged piston portion covers and blocks the outlet to the open port. The piston cannot move past the position in which the open port is blocked because immediately the port is blocked "55 there is no outlet, and the pistonwill then be rigidly held by the uid pressure in the position covering the open port.

It will thus be seen that the piston |21 will be, caused to take up any one of the four positions "e0 determined by the spacing of the outlet ports |22, |23, |24, |25, accordingly as the associated poppet valves are opened by the cams. Fixed on the piston rod |2111 is the shifter fork |36 engaging the annular groove of the shifter spool 16 "e5 previously described, and the position of the .four outlet ports associated with the piston device |26 is such that the movement of the piston resulting from the opening of the one or the other ports..Y as just explained causes the key 14 to shift to 70 engage the different gears 49o, 5th, 5|b, 52h. For purposes of adjustment during assembly of the unit the entire piston device |23 is mounted to be bodily shifted relative to the gears, the cylinder |30 having a shank l30a which may be shifted `75 by a 'set screw |3611 and locked in position by a Iscrew 113Go.

rate changers respectively connecting the: isha-its 31 and 11, and connecting the shafts 11 .'5 fand 18, are preferably of such range that a series lof relatively high speeds obtained in the one posi- 'iilon of the clutch spool 83 forms a continuation. of a relatively low series of speeds obtained. through the gears 16, 89. Thus to obtain the- 310 complete series of speeds available between shafts.

131 and 11requires the shifting of the key14 through its several positions while the clutch spool 83 remains in one of its positions, then shifting the clutch spool 83 to its other position and shifting `15 the key 14 through the saine series of positions, while the clutch spool 83 remains in its other position. The cams controlling the several poppet valves which in turn control the shifting of the key 14 and clutch spool 83 are arranged toeffect this relationship between the movements of the clutch spool and shiftable key during onerevolution of the control shaft 91. Thus during one revolution of the shaft 91 the clutch spool'. 83 occupies one of its positions during half of' .25 the shaft revolution and the other of its posi-- tions during the other half of the shaft revolution, and during each half revolution of shaft 91 the key 14 occupies all of its positions one at ar time. There being eight different speeds obtainable in the various position combinations of the. shiftable clutch 89 and the key 14, the various. 4'control cams are preferably so arranged that eight equi-angularly spaced positions of the shaft 91 vopen the proper poppet valves to effect such v,35 shifting of the clutch spool 63 and key 14 as will4 effect the different speeds in their numerical order progressively as the shaft 91 is rotated.

Similarly the speed of shaft 23 relative to the: shaft 31 is controlled from the shaft 96, the clutch. spool 66 having associated therewith a shifter piston device generally denoted by the numeral |31 controlled from poppet valves |38, i 39 and. the cams |46, |4| xed on a shaft 96a co-axial, with the shaft 96 and coupled therewith by a. suitable coupling member 96h, the annular spool'. 66 for the shiftable key 54 having associated therewith a shifter piston device generally denoted by the numeral |42, Fig. 15, controlled by the poppet valves |43, |44, |45, |46 and the cams |41, |48, |49, |56 also fixed on the shaft 96a.

Each of the control shafts 96. 91 are extended. to the right, Fig. l, to be supported from one or more of a plurality of carriages such as I1, 2U, the carriage preferably being provided with a dependent end plate portion such as 55|, Figs. l, 13 in which is rotatably supported a bushing such as |52 having an internal passageway |52a, Fig. 12 of a form to slidably receive the square shafts 96, 91, the bushing being fixed against axial movement relative to the carriage and the shaft engaging to rotate with the bushing.

Either control shaft 96 or 61 may be manually rotated by a selector device mounted on either carriage l1 or 20. Such selectors are' generally indicated by the numerals |53, |54, Fig. l. Preferably the selector fixed to a carriage selects the speed of the feed shaft used to drive the saine carriage. In the present instance the carriage E1 is driven from feed shaft 22,'and carriage 20 from feed shaft 23, as is later more fully explained and therefore the selector |53 operates control shaft 91, and selector |54 operates control shaft 96, whereby each selector controls the feed rate of the carriage upon which it is mounted. Since the selectors |53, |54 are substantially identical -only one of them will be described in detail. ,7

Selector |53 includes a housing portion |55, Figs. 12, 13, xed on the end plate |5| of the carriage. Housing |55 rotatably supportsa member |56, the hub of the drum beingdfixed,V on a bushing |51 journaled inthe housing, and which, for convenience, is co-axial with the Y'quick 'traverse s'haft 24 and providedwith a 'suitable :axial bore |51a through which the shaft 24 exitends. A gear |58 fixedwith Vdrunii |56 engages a pinion |59 fixed on the sleeve |52. The hub of :the bushing |51 is extended, as shown in Fig. 1 land has fixed therewith a hand lever |60 having a hand grip 'portion |6|. The gear |58 is rela- :tively of 'much -llarg'er diameter than the pinion 159, whereby a comparatively small angular' :movement of the hand grip I 6| will turn the :shaft A91 'through the complete revolution refquired, "aspreviously stated, for the control of the ratefchan'gers connecting the shafts 31 and 11 to ich-ange the speed of feed shaft 22, the several :angular positions of the drum |56 and gear |58 'which respectively correspond with the different speed effective positions of the shaft 91, being in;

ldicated by a spring pressed detent plunger |62. Fig. 13, engaging suitably spaced notches such as 165, Figs. 12 and` 13 in the hub of the gear. The lcasing |55 is provided at a suitable point, to be conveniently viewed by the operator of the lathe,

with an opening |64, Figs. 12, 14, and suitable markings, such as |65, Fig. 14, are provided on the periphery of the drum at angularly spaced points to be visible through the opening |64 in the several positions of the drum, the markings respectively indicating the feed rate effect of the transmission in the several corresponding positions of the selector.

By reason of the alternatively high and low rate at which, as previously explained, the shaft 31 may be driven in the different positions of the hand lever 44 and key 42, each position of the control shaft 91 may result in two different carriage feed rates respectively relatively high and relatively low. Each of the markings |65 therefore includes two numerical values such as |6511, |651), Fig. 14. The operator in determining the actual rate of the carriage regards the one or the other of the markings in each position of the selector |53 accordingly as the hand lever 44,

Figs. 1 and 4, is` in the position indicating the low or high series of feeds.

Itwill be understood that, to rotate the control shaft 96 from the selector |54 mounted on carriage 20, the connection of the selector |54 to shaft 96 is the same as just described except that the shaft 96 is provided with a pinion, similar to the pinion |59, and the pinion on shaft 91 is omitted. In other words, for the carriage 20 the selector |54 is similar to the selector |53 just described except that the hand lever |6|a, corresponding to hand lever |60 of selector |53, is connected to operate control shaft 96 through a pinion and bushing similar to the pinion |59 and bushing |52, but differently positioned to suit the position of shaft 96.

Hydraulic fluid for the shifter piston devices:

|42 is supplied through suitable 63, |26, |31 and piping, as diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 15, from a suitable pressure source such as a pump generally denoted by the numeral |66, Figs. 2 and 15, to which uid is supplied from a suitable reservoir such as |61 and delivered to the piston devices through a suitable pressure control valve |68. Pump |66 may be driven from any suitable power source. In this instance the drive is from the gear 93, Fig. 8, through a pinion |69 xed on the pump shaft |18. escaping from the several poppet valves may be collected in the bottom of the housing of the .unit 38 and returned to the reservoir |61.

The connectionof the feed shafts 22, 23 and quick traverse shaft 24 for movement of the carriages I1, 28 is substantially identical for each carriage and will therefore be described for only the carriage 6. Referring to Figs. 12, 13, the

stationary screw 2| extends through a suitable bore in the carriage apron, which is .generally denoted by the numeral |1a, therebeing a nut sleeve device 266 engaged by the screw and rotatably -supported but xed against axial movement relative to the carriage by suitable bearings such as 261, 268. Nut device 266 includes a sleeve portion 269 and the nut portions 218, |1| each engaging screw 2| and relatively axially adjustable 'for eliminating back lash.

. scribed. Another sleeve device |88, similarly to the device |12, is provided-with bushings |8|, |82 which provide hexagon bores to drive the sleeve from the quick traverse shaft 24.

The several sleevedevices 266, |12, |11, |88,

Fig. 13, are interconnected to provide quick traverse reverser and feed reverser devices respectively operative between the quick traverse shaft 24 and feed shaft 22 and the nut sleeve device 266, as follows:

For quick traverse rate drive of the nut device 266 there is provided' a reverser clutch generally denoted by the numeral |89, Fig. 13, which includes a plurality of spaced outer clutch members |84, |85 respectively associated with groups of clutch friction plates |86, |81, the plates of each group being slidably alternately keyed with the associated outer clutch member and with the sleeve |88, the plates of the different groups being alternatively engageable todrive the different outer clutch members |84, |85, by the means of an axially slidable clutch spool |88 which may be shifted in either axial direction to set up the drive through the one or the other clutch member |84, |85 or to position the spool centrally to interrupt the drive by the means of suitable manually operable shifter means including a suitable fork member (not shown) engaging the annular groove |88a of the spool |88.

The clutch members |84, |85, Fig. 13 are each connected with nut sleeve266,respectively through the train of gears comprising gears |89, |98, |9I, and through the train comprising gears |92, |93, |94, |95, |96, the arrangement being such that shifting of the clutch spool |88 in the one direction drives the sleeve nut 266 at quick traverse rate in the one direction and opposite shifting of the spool drives the sleeve nut in the other direction, while an intermediate position of the spool disengages both groups of friction plates |86, |81

. Vand permits the sleeve nut to be driven at feed veloped section, Fig. 13, are actually meshed in Excess fluid, and fluid driving engagement in the shaft position shown in Fig. 12.

For feed rate drive of the nut sleeve 266 there is provided a reverser clutch generally denoted by the numeral |91, Fig. 13. Clutch sleeves |98, |99 are rotatably supported in the sleeve |12 and respectively provided on their inner adjacent ends with clutch jaws 280, 28|. A clutch spool member 282 is slidably keyed on sleeve |12 and positioned between the sleeves |98, member having end clutch faces valternatively engageable with the clutch jaws 288, 28| as the member is axially shifted in opposite direction, and having an intermediate position disengaging the member from either clutch engagement. Clutch member 282 may be shifted to drive the one or the other sleeve |98, |99 from-sleeve |12 or to position the member centrally to interrupt the drive, by the means of suitable shifter mechanism including a suitable shifter fork (not shown) engaging the annular groove 282a of the-member.

The clutch sleeves |98, |99 respectively have fixed thereon the gear 98, and the two .gears |93, |94 of the trains previously described, and therefore are respectively connected with the nut sleeve 266 through a gear train including the gears |98, I9! and through a train including the .gears |94, |95, |96, these trains operating to drive the nut sleeve 266 in opposite directions according to the engagement of the one or the other of the clutch sleeves by the clutch member 28|.

It will thus be apparent that by suitably shifting the one or the other reverser |83 or |91 the nut sleeve |66 may be rotated in either direction at either feed or quick traverse rate, whereby to traverse the carriage i1 in either direction at either rate, or the drive may be interrupted through both reversers whereby to interrupt the carriage movement.

Certain other mechanism shown in Fig. 13 is for the purpose of manual movement of the carriage l1, and for feed and quick traverse movement of the cross slide I8 in either direction of cross movement, but since such other mechanism is not essential to the invention as herein claimed it is not here described.

The carriage 28 is connected to be driven from the quick traverse shaft 24 and from the feed shaft 23 in either direction at either rate by mechanism operating in a manner exactly similar to the drive for the carriage I1 as just described, excepting only that for the carriage 28, in order that the carriage shall receiveits feed drive from the shaft 29, the sleeve |11 is constructed to carry the feed reverser |91 and gears |98, |93, |94, in the manner shown in Fig.` 13 for the sleeve |12, and the sleeve |12 is constructed to carry the idler gear |92 in the manner shown in Fig. 13 for the sleeve |11. Owing to the spacing of the several shafts, as shown in Fig. 12, this willv result in gear trains connecting the reversers of the carriage 28 for operation of its sleeve nut in amanner identical with that for the carriage |1, except that the relative positions of the gear axes is somewhat different.

What is claimed is:

1. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a rotatable work spindle, a plurality of spaced tool supports each carried on said bed and each independently movable relative to said spindle, a spindle transmission, and transmission and control mechanism for said tool supports including a' plurality of adjustable rate changers each driven through said spindle transmission and respectively individual to the different supports, power |99, they operable shifter devices respectively for adjustment of different of said rate changers, controller devices respectively for controlling power connection to different of said shifter devices, a plurality of adjustable rate selector devicesrespectvely independently movable with the different suptatable work, spindle, aplurality of spaced tool supports each carried on said bed and each independently movable relative to said spindle, a spindlel transmission, and transmission and control mechanism for said tool supports including a plurality of adjustable rate changers each driven through said spindle transmission and respectively individual to the different supports, fluid operable shifter devices respectively for adjustment of different of said rate changers, valve devices respectively for controlling pressure huid connection to diiferent of said shifter devices, a plurality of adjustable rate selector devices respectively independently movable with the different supports, motion transmitting connections respectively from the different selector devices for effecting adjustment of the different valve devices in accordance with the adjustment of the connected selector device.

3. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a rotatable work spindle, a plurality of spaced tool supports each carried on said bed and each independently movable relative to said spindle, a spindie transmission, and transmission and control mechanism for said tool supports including a plurality of adjustable rate changers each driven through said spindle transmission and respectively individual to the different supports and each carried by said bed at a point adjacent said'` spindle, power operable shifter devices respectively for different of said rate changers, con- .troller devices carried by said bed adjacent said spindle and respectively for controlling the power connection to different of said shifter devices, a plurality of adjustable rate selector devices respectively independently movable with the different supports, and extensible.motiontransmitting connections respectively. from the different selector devices for effecting adjustmentl of the different controller devices.

4. In a lathe, the combination of a bed,- a rotatable work spindle, a plurality of` spacedv tool supports each carried on said bed and each independently movable relative to said spindle, and transmission and control mechanism for said tool supports including a plurality of adjustable rate changers respectively individual to the diiferent supports, a plurality of rate change selectors respectively independently movable with the different supports, motion transmitting connections respectively from the different selectors for effecting rate change adjustment of the rate changer individual to the support movable with the selector, an'cl a common driving train for said rate changers including another rate changer effective on both said supports, said independent selectors each including chart and indicator means visually indicating a support rate effected by adjustment of the selector in either of alternative rate positions of the rate changer in said common drive train.

5..In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a worl;

spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a pluralityof tool supports leach'gliided on said bed for independent horizontal-movement in a path parallel with said -aXis,-said-toolsup ports being spaced apart in thel direction of 'said axis, a plurality of adjustable rate changers respectively individual to the different supports, power operable shifter devices respectively for ladjustment `of different of said rate changers,

controller devices respectively for controlling the power connection to diiferent of said shifter devices, a plurality of adjustable rate change selectors respectively bodily movable with the different supports, motion transmitting connections respectively from the different selectors for effecting adjustment of the different controller devices in accordance with the adjustment of the connected controller device, and a common driving train for said rate changers including another rate changer effective on both said supports, said selectors each including chart and indicator means visually indicating a support rate effected by adjustment of the selector in alternative rate positions of the rate changer in said common drive train.

6. A transmission and control mechanism for machine tools comprising axially parallel spaced shafts, a plurality of different diametered gears axially spaced on one of said shafts, a plurality of different diametered gears axially spaced on the other shaft and respectively engaging different of the rst mentioned gears to provide gear pairs of different ratio connectible between said shafts, the gears on one of said shafts providing internal keyways, a key member associated with the last mentioned shaft and slidably engageable with the keyways of different of said keywayed gears one at a time, a power operable shifter for movement of saidV key member to its different gear engaging positions, a power source for said power operable shifter, a selector having alternative positions respectively corresponding to the difierent gear engaging key member positions, and controller means for connection of said power source and shifter to effect the different positions,

of said member in accordance with the movement of said selector.

7,. A transmission and control mechanism for machine tools comprising spaced shafts, a plurality of different diametered gears axially spaced the gears on one of said shafts providing internal keyways, a key member associated with the last mentioned shaft and slidably engageable with the keyways of different cf said keywayed gears one at a time, a fluid operable piston device for movement of said key member to itsI different gear engaging positions including a cylinder having normally closed spaced outlet ports respectively for effecting the different key member posi-- tions, a selector having alternative positions respectively corresponding to the different key member positions, controller means connecting said selector in each selector position to open the cylinder port corresponding to the position of the selector, and Huid pressure supply means for said cylinder and operable to shift said piston to the position corresponding to the position of the port opened by said controller means.

8. A transmission and control mechanism for machine tools including a plurality of serially arranged rate change devices, one of said devices including a shiftable rate change member having different positions, the other of said devices including spaced shafts, a plurality of dierent diametered gears axially spaced on one of said shafts, a plurality of different diametered gears axially spaced on the other shaft and respectively engaging different of the rs't mentioned gears to provide gear pairs of different ratio connectible between said shafts, the gears of one of said shafts providing internal keyways, and a key member associated with the last mentioned shaft and slidably engageable with the keyways of different of said keywayed gears one at a time, the shifting of said key member providing a series ofvspeeds of small individual increment ofv rate change relative to the rate change effected by the shifting of said rate change member, a rate change selector including chart and indicator means having various rate indicating positions, and motion transmitting means connecting said selector for adjustment of said rate change devices in an order including adjustment of said key member to effeet said series of speeds followed by adjustment of said rate change member from one to another of its positions.v

9. A transmission and control mechanism for machine tools including a plurality of serially arranged rate change devices, one of said devices including a shiftable rate change member having different positions, the other of said devices including spaced shafts, a plurality of different diametered lgears axially spaced on one of said shafts, a plurality'of different diametered gears axially spaced on the other shaft and respectively engaging different of the first mentioned gears' to provide gear pairs of ldifferent ratio connectible between said shafts, the gears of one of said shafts providing internal keyways, and a key member associated with the last mentioned shaft and slidably engageable with the keyways of different of said keywayed gears one at a time, the shifting of said key member providing a series of speeds of small individual increment of vrate change relative to the rate change effected by the f changemember and for effecting thevarious 'positions of said key member, a power source, and controller means operable from said selector for connecting said power source and shifters for adjustment of said rate change devices in an order including adjustment of said key member to effect said series of speeds followed -by adjustment ofk said rate change member from the one to another' of its positions.

10. A transmission and control mechanismfor machine tools including a plurality of serially arrangedrate change devices, one of said devices including a rate changemember having different positions, the other of said devices including spaced shafts, a plurality of different diametered ygears axially spaced on one of said shafts, a plurality of different diametered gears axially spaced on the other shaft and respectively engaging different of the iirst mentioned gears to provide gearpairs of different ratio connectible` between said shafts, the gears lof one of said shafts providing internal keyways, a key member associated with the last mentioned shaft and slidably engageable With the keyways of different of said .keywayed gears one at a time, the shiftingof said key memberv providing a series of speeds of small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effected by the shifting of said rate change member, a rate change selector inclusing chart and indicator means -having various rate indicating positions, a plurality of fluid operable Shifters respectively for effecting said different positions of said rate change member' and for effecting the various positions of said key member, a'source of pressure fluid, valve means for connecting said source and Shifters for rate change adjustment, and means connecting said selector for operation of said valve means to effect said rate change adjustment in an order including adjustment of said key member to effect said series of speeds followed by adjustment of said rate change member from the one to 'fr another of its positions.

11. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a work spindle rotatably supportedl adjacent o-ne end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement in a path parallel with port rate effected by adjustment thereofin a plurality of rate changer adjusting positions of the other selector.

12. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement in a path parallel with the spindle axis, transmission mechanism for said support'including a plurality of rate change devices serially arranged, one of said devices comprising a member shiftable to different rate i,

change positions, the other of said devices comprising an element shiftable to a plurality of rate change positions providing a series of rates o'f small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effect of the shifting of said member, a rate change selector movable with said support andy including chart and indicator vmeans having various rrate indicating positions, andmotion Vtransmitting connection means connecting said selector for adjustment of said member and element'in a cycle including the adjustment of said element to effect said series of rates followed by adjustment of said member4 from one to another of its positions.

13. Ina lathe, the combination of a bed, an

axially horizontal work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for movement in a path parallel with the axis of said spindle,'transmis sion mechanism for said support including a plui movable with said support and including chart and indicator means having various rate indicating positions, and extensible motion transmitting connection means connecting said selector for adjustment of said member and element in a cycle including the adjustment of said element to effect said series of speeds prior to the adjustment of said member.

14. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a work spindle rotatably supported. adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement parallel with the spindle axis, transmission mechanism; for said tool support including an adjustable rate changer fixed with said bed adjacent said tool spindle, a power operable ,shifter for said rate changer, a power source connectible for operation of said shifter, an adjustable rate selector bodily movable with said support, and motion transmitting connections for effecting various power connections of said Source and` shifter in accordance .with the position of adjustment of said selector and in various positions of the bodily movement thereof.

15. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement parallel with the spindle axis, transmission mechanism for said tool support including an adjustable rate changer fixed with said bed adjacent said tool spindle, a fluid operable shifter for said rate changer, a fluid pressure source connectible with said shifter, valve means adjustable for controlling the connection of said source and shifter, an adjustable rate change selector bodily movable with said support and having various positions of adjustment corresponding to the different rate effects of said rate changer, and motion transmittting connections from said selector for adjustment of said valve means in accordance with the position of adjustment of said selector and in various positions of the bodily movement thereof.

16. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, a Work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement parallel with the spindle axis, transmission mechanism for said tool Support including an adjustable rate changer fixed with said bed adjacent said tool spindle, a fluid operable shifter for said rate changer, a fluid pressure source connectible with said shifter, valve means adjustable for controlling the connection of said source and shifter, an adjustable rate change selector bodily movable with said support and having various positions of adjustment respectively corresponding toV thek different rate effects of said rate changer, and motion transmitting connections from said selector for adjustment of said valve means in accordance with the position of adjustment of said selector, said motion transmitting connection including a rotatable shaft axially parallel with the path of movement of said support.

17. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, an

axially horizontal work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for movement in a path parallel with the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for said support including a plurality of rate change devices serially arranged and each fixed on said bed adjacent said spindle, one of said devices comprisinga member shiftable to different rate change positions, the other device comprising an element shiftable to a plurality of rate change positions providing a series of rates of small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effect of the shifting of said member, a rate change selector movable with said support and including chart and indicator means having various rate indicating positions, a plurality of power operable Shifters respectively for said member and for said element, a power source connectible for operation of said Shifters, and motion transmitting connections for effecting various power connections of said source and Shifters in accordance with the various rate indicating positions of said chart and indicator means. 18. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, an axially horizontal work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for movement in a path parallel with the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for said support including a plurality of rate change devices serially arranged, one of said devices comprising a member shiftable to dierent rate change positions, the other device comprising an element shiftable to a plurality of ratechange positions providing a series of rates of small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effect of the shifting of said member, a rate change selector movable with said support and including chart and indicator means having various rate indicating positions, a plurality of power operable shifters respectively for said member and for said element, a power source, and controller means operable from said selector for connecting said source and shifters for adjustment of said rate change devices in a cycle effecting said series of rates prior to the adjustment of said member.

19. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, an axially horizontal Work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for movement in a path parallel Withthe axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for said support including a plurality of rate change devices serially arranged, one of said devices comprising a member shiftable to different rate change positions, the other device comprising an element shiftable to a plurality of rate change positions providing a series of rates of small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effect of the shifting of said member, a rate change selector bodily movable with said support and including chart and indicator means having various rate indicating positions, a plurality of fluid operable shifters respectively for said member and for said element, a pressure fluid source, valve means for connecting said source and Shifters for effecting various rate position combinations of said member and element, and motion transmitting connections from said selector for controlling said valve means to effect said source and shifter connections in an order productive of said series of speeds followed by the adjustment of said member.

20. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, an axially horizontal work spindle rotatably supported adjacent one end of said bed, a tool support guided on said bed for movement in a path parallel with the axis of said spindle, transmission mechanism for said support including a plurality of rate change devices serially arranged and each xed on said bed adjacent said spindle, one of said devices comprising a member shiftable to different rate change positions, the other device comprising an element shiftable to aplurality of rate change positions providing a series of rates of small individual increment of rate change relative to the rate change effect of the shifting of said member, a rate change selector bodily movable with said support and including chart'and indicator means having various rate y indicating positions, a plurality of fluid operable Shifters respectively for said member and for said element, and each carried by said bed adjacent said spindle, a pressure fluid source, valve means associated with said Shifters adjacent said spindle for connecting said Source and Shifters for effecting various rate position combinations of said member and element, and extensible motion transmitting connections connecting said selector and valve means to effect shifter movements in an order productive of the adjustment of said element to each rate change position thereof followed by the adjustment of said member.

21. In a lathe, the combination of a bed, an

axially horizontal Work spindle carried by said bed adjacent one end thereof, a tool support guided on said bed for horizontal movement in a path parallel to the axis of said spindle, a housing removably xed on said bed adjacent said spindle, and transmission and control mechanism for said carriage including adjustable rate change devices/ and power operable Shifters therefor unitarily carried by said housing, a rate change selector carried by said support, and a motion transmitting connection from said selector for controlling the power connection of said Shifters in various positions of -said support.

WERNER IRVING SENGER. 

